Background The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into critical care offers significant potential to enhance early ...

A pillar of the WHO End TB Strategy is targeted latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) testing to identify persons who would benefit from TB preventive treatment (TPT).1 The WHO recommends the ...

Background Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a heterogeneous disease with frequently associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD). We aimed to determine the prognostic potential of phenotyping patients ...

Climate change is altering ecosystems worldwide. While shifting environmental conditions are complex, it has been hypothesised that the impact of climate change is directly leading to increases in ...

Background Prior work suggests different interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) that share the radiological usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern have an overall worse prognosis. However, ...

This is a summary of the recommendations of the joint guideline on Asthma: diagnosis, monitoring and chronic asthma management, which was published in November 2024. This new collaborative guideline ...

Background The aetiology of lung cancer among individuals who never smoked remains elusive, despite 15% of lung cancer cases in men and 53% in women worldwide being unrelated to smoking. Epigenetic ...

Introduction Low-dose CT (LDCT) screening of high-risk smokers reduces lung cancer (LC) specific mortality. Determining screening eligibility using individualised risk may improve screening ...

Rationale Estimating the causal effect of an intervention at individual level, also called individual treatment effect (ITE), may help in identifying response prior to the intervention. Objectives We ...

Background Oscillatory positive expiratory pressure (OPEP) devices are intended to facilitate sputum clearance and reduce cough, but there is limited evidence for their effectiveness in COPD, or to ...

Background Social media may influence children and young people’s health behaviour, including cigarette and e-cigarette use. Methods We analysed data from participants aged 10–25 years in the UK ...

The clinical presentation of Aspergillus lung disease is determined by the interaction between fungus and host. Invasive aspergillosis develops in severely immunocompromised patients, including those ...