Latvia’s economy is navigating a complex global environment while addressing structural challenges at home. Geoeconomic fragmentation, geopolitical tensions, higher trade barriers and trade policy ...

When controlled by a select few, tech innovation can be self-serving and undermine the institutions that make it possible, ...

Increased trade integration helped fuel a spectacular rise in global living standards. Lower trade costs increased global GDP ...

Economists have long helped shape policy by offering analysis to guide decisions on trade, taxation, regulation, and economic ...

The EU has sought to diversify access to critical minerals through trade agreements. But these remain vulnerable to a ...

Macao, a special administrative region of China, is one of only a handful of places in the world where different commercial ...

The Spanish economy has been performing strongly, supported by services exports and labor force growth. Growth is expected to remain significantly above the euro area average in the near term, before ...

But Europe’s postpandemic recovery has run out of steam, and stagnant productivity is dragging down medium-term growth prospects. Countries face significant strains on public finances, with rising ...

With the successful launch of the new data portal—the National Summary Data Page (NSDP) — the Democratic Republic of Congo has implemented a key recommendation of the IMF’s Enhanced General Data ...

This note examines the transmission of credit risk of banks to the sovereign using the collapse of the Silicon Valley Bank in March 2023—an event that reverberated globally across banking sectors—as ...

Romania’s medium-term fiscal framework calls for the fiscal deficit to decline gradually from about 8 percent of GDP in 2024 to 7 percent in 2025 and 3 percent (or less) by 2031. With limited scope ...