MySQL Substring to Find a Character & Return Left. MySQL includes a number of built-in string manipulation functions that are similar to the functions provided by Web scripting languages such as PHP.

Note: SAS functions used in a WHERE expression that can be optimized by an index are the SUBSTR function and the TRIM function. For more information on SAS functions, see Functions and CALL Routines ...

For example, the %SUBSTR function creates a substring of another string, while the %UPCASE function converts characters to uppercase. A special category of macro functions, the macro quoting functions ...